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Is that true that “Umar bin Khattab” buried his daughters alive in the time of ignorance?
ID: 516 Publish Date: 07 February 2017 - 08:37 Count Views: 5806
Question & Answer » Sunni
Is that true that “Umar bin Khattab” buried his daughters alive in the time of ignorance?

Response:

Burying daughter alive is a very shocking memory which has left from the history of Arab in the time of ignorance. They’d bury their daughters alive after birth or even after growing up because they were afraid that their daughters would put their family into shame and that they didn’t want them to be taken captive by enemy after war.

One of guys who have buried his daughters alive is second caliph “Umar bin Khattab”.

In his book, “Tabarani” quotes a narrative with authentic document in which “Umar bin Khattab” confesses in prophet [PBUH]’s presence that he’s buried his daughters alive:

863 حدثنا عَبْدَانُ بن أَحْمَدَ ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بن مَهْدِيٍّ الأُبُلِّيُّ ثنا عبد الرَّزَّاقِ أنا إِسْرَائِيلُ ثنا سِمَاكُ بن حَرْبٍ قال سَمِعْتَ النُّعْمَانَ بن بَشِيرٍ يقول سمعت عُمَرَ بن الْخَطَّابِ يقول وَسُئِلَ عن قَوْلِهِ وإذا الموؤودة سئلت قال جاء قَيْسُ بن عَاصِمٍ إلي رسول اللَّهِ صلي اللَّهُ عليه وسلم قال إني وَأَدَتُ ثَمَانِيَ بناتٍ لي في الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ قال اعتق عن كل وَاحِدَةٍ منها رَقَبَةً قلت إني صَاحِبُ إِبِلٍ قال اهْدِ إن شِئْتَ عن كل وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُنَّ بَدَنَةً.

“Na’man bin Bashir” says that I heard of “Umar bin Khattab” about the tafsir of this verse: «وإذا الموؤودة سئلت», he said: “Qais bin Asim” said to Prophet Muhammad [PBUH]: I’d bury my daughters in the time of ignorance, what would I do? Prophet [PBUH] said: free slave for each one of them. I {Umar} said: I was camel herdsman, Prophet [PBUH]: if you want you can donate a camel for each of them.

“Al-Tabarani”- Al-Mu’jam al-Kabir- vol. 18, p 337

“Haythami” says about the document of this narrative:

رواه البزار والطبراني ورجال البزار رجال الصحيح غير حسين بن مهدي الأيلي وهو ثقة .

This narrative has been quoted by “Bazzar” and “Tabarani”, all the narrators of “Bazzar” are the narrators of “Sahih Bukhari” book except “Husayn bin Mahdi Ayli” who is rliable as well.

“Al-Haythami” – Majma’ al-Zawa’id- vol. 7, p 134

“Nawi Shafi’i” writes:

وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنِّي وَأَدْتُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ

فَقَالَ : أَعْتِقْ عَنْ كُلِّ مَوْؤُودٍ رَقَبَةً .

والموؤودةُ البنتُ المقتولةِ عندما تَوَلَّدَ ، كان أهلُ الجاهليةِ يفعلونَ ذلك مخافةَ العارِ والفقرِ.

It’s been narrated from “Umar bin Khattab” who said: O messenger of god! I buried my daughters alive in the time of ignorance {what would I do?}. Prophet Muhammad [PBUH] said: free one slave for each one of them. “مؤوده“ is a girl who has been killed right after birth. In the time of ignorance people would do so because of fear of shame and poverty.

“Al-Nawi”- Al-Majmou’- vol. 19, p 187

“Mawerdi Basri Shafi’i” writes in his book:

وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْعَرَبَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كَانَتْ تَحْفِرُ تَحْتَ الْحَامِلِ إِذَا ضَرَبَهَا الطَّلْقُ حُفَيْرَةً يَسْقُطُ فِيهَا وَلَدُهَا إِذَا وَضَعَتْهُ ، فَإِنْ كَانَ ذَكَرًا أَخْرَجُوهُ مِنْهَا ، وَإِنْ كَانَ أُنْثَي تُرِكَتْ فِي حُفْرَتِهَا ، وَطُمَّ التُّرَابُ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّي تَمُوتَ ، وَهَذَا قَتْلُ عَمْدٍ ، وَقَدْ أُوجِبَتْ فِيهِ الْكَفَّارَةُ.

It’s been quoted from “Umar bin Khattab” who said: O messenger of god! I buried my daughters alive in the time of ignorance {what would I do?}. Prophet Muhammad [PBUH] said: free one slave for each one of them.

And it’s because in the time of ignorance Arabs would dig a hole under the legs of pregnant women and after giving birth to baby, that baby would fall in that hole, if it were a girl they’d pour soil on her to die.

“Al-Mawerdi al-Basri al-Shafi’i” – al-Hawi al-Kabir fi fiqh Madhab Imam Shafi’i- vol. 13, p 67

“Muhammad Amin Shanqiti” and “Tamimi Hanbali” write in their books:

قد جاءَ عن عمرَ رضي الله عنه قولُه : أمرانِ في الجاهليةِ . أحدُهما : يُبْكِيْنِي والآخرُ يُضْحِكُنِي .

أما الذي يبكيني : فقد ذَهبتُ بابنةٍ لي لِوَأْدِها ، فكنتُ أحفَرُ لها الحفرةَ وتَنْفُضُ الترابَ عن لِحْيَتِي وهي لا تدري ماذا أريدُ لها ، فإذا تَذَكّرتُ ذلك بَكَيْتُ .

والأخري : كنت أصْنَعُ إلهًا من التمرِ أضَعُهُ عند رأسي يَحْرُسُنِي لَيلاً ، فإذا أصْبَحْتُ مُعَافًي أكلتُه ، فإذا تَذَكرت ذلك ضَحِكْتُ من نَفْسِي .

This saying has been quoted from “Umar bin Khattab”: I have two memories from the time of ignorance: one of them makes me crying and another one makes me happy.

But the memory that makes me crying is that I went to bury my daughter, I was diging a hole but she would clear dust away from my beard while she didn’t know what I’m going to do with her, whenever I remember this memory I cry.

But the memory that makes me laughing: I would make a god from date and put it by me to protect me while sleeping, I’d eat it in the morning when I’d get hungry. When I remember this memory I laugh at my own.

“Al-Shanqiti- Azwa’ al-Bayan, vol. 8, p 439 /// “Al-Tamimi Hanbali” – al-Fawakah al-Azab- vol. 9, p 80

Good luck

 

 

 

 

 



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