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Why was hadith “Ghadir” not relied on in “Saqifa” if Prophet’s meaning of this Hadith was the guardianship of commander of the faithful?
ID: 495 Publish Date: 07 January 2017 - 19:10 Count Views: 4407
Question & Answer » Imamat and Caliphate
Why was hadith “Ghadir” not relied on in “Saqifa” if Prophet’s meaning of this Hadith was the guardianship of commander of the faithful?

Notice: The Saqīfah also known as Saqīfah Banī Sā 'idah, was a roofed building used by a Jewish tribe called Banu Sa 'idah. The name of the house is used as shorthand for the event, or the gathering, which was a crucial turning point in the history of Islam On the day Muhammad died (June 8, 632 CE), the Medinan Muslim or "Ansar" gathered in the Saqifah to discuss the future and leadership of the Muslims.

The matter which is unknown to us is that why in “Saqifah” no one from “Ansar” and “Muhajirin” discussed the hadith of “Ghadir” despite its finality.

If the adherents of Hadrat “Ali” would quote this Hadith said by Prophet [PBUH] less than one year before holding “Saqifah”, the hadith that all of those who were in “farewell Hajj” {last Hajj of prophet} must have remembered it, the fate of Islam would be different than that.

“Refuge to god, all got apostate and ignored Prophet’s order and there wasn’t anyone in “Saqifah” to say that Prophet [PBUH] has said such thing in the farewell hajj”.

Reviewing and studying:

To clarify the response of this doubt, we should at first look into the matter of “Saqifah” and answer this question that what motive “Ansar” had of gathering up in “Saqifa”, despite much effort that they put for Islam and if it were not for their effort, Islam would definitely not get to destination so easily, but what happened that they forgot saying of Prophet [PBUH] about commander of the faithful [AS] and gathered in “Saqifa” on the day Prophet [PBUH] died.

Four reasons could be said for the gathering of this group of “Ansar” who disobeyed prophet [PBUH]’s order:

1: they knew that some of “Muhajirin” leaders have made dangerous plots and have evil plans usurping caliphate, and were sure that Imamate won’t be given to commander of the faithful Ali [AS], they wanted to save Islam from these guys and themselves take the control of the country, that’s why they gathered in “Saqifah”.

2: since the group of “Ansar” had determinant role in Prophet [PBUH]’s battles and many of “Quraysh” heroes were killed by “Ansar”, that’s why there were afraid of Quraysh revenge and knew that if they take the reign they will take serious revenge of them.

3: they had heard of Prophet [PBUH] that after him they will be oppressed a lot, that’s they wanted to avoid it to happen.

4: “Ansar” had put much effort for Islam and Islam would owe them its progression; when the number of Muslims was a few, they converted to Islam and supported Prophet [PBUH] by their life and wealth; so it’s natural that they wanted to have role in future reign of Islam.

Now we look into these four issues comprehensively:

“Ansar” were notified that some people of “Quraysh” tribe allied not to let commander of the faithful Ali [AS] getting caliphate after Prophet [PBUH]; that’s why they decided to take the caliphate before they do so.

This issue {Quraysh plot} has written in Shia books in detail, Sunni scholars have quoted part of this matter as well; as “Al-Nasa’i” writes in “Sunan” book:

أخبرنا محمد بن عُمَرَ بن عَلِيِّ بن مُقَدَّمٍ قال حدثنا يُوسُفُ بن يَعْقُوبَ قال أخبرني التَّيْمِيُّ عن أبي مِجْلَزٍ عن قَيْسِ بنِ عُبَادٍ قال بَيْنَا أنا في الْمَسْجِدِ في الصَّفِّ الْمُقَدَّمِ فَجَبَذَنِي رَجُلٌ من خَلْفِي جَبْذَةً فَنَحَّانِي وَقَامَ مَقَامِي فَوَاللَّهِ ما عَقَلْتُ صَلَاتِي فلما انْصَرَفَ فإذا هو أُبَيُّ بن كَعْبٍ فقال يا فَتَي لَا يَسُؤْكَ الله إِنَّ هذا عَهْدٌ من النبي صلي الله عليه وسلم إِلَيْنَا أَنْ نَلِيَهُ ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ فقال هَلَكَ أَهْلُ الْعُقَدِ وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ قال والله ما عليهم آسَي وَلَكِنْ آسَي علي من أَضَلُّوا قلت يا أَبَا يَعْقُوبَ ما يَعْنِي بِأَهْلِ الْعُقَدِ قال الْأُمَرَاءُ

It’s been quoted from “Qais ibn Abad” that one day I was standing in the first line of mass prayer in the mosque that someone pulled me and took my place; swear by god! I didn’t understand how I finished my prayer {due to anger}, when his prayer ended I found out that he’s “Abi ibn Ka’b”.

He told me: don’t be mad at me; because we promised Prophet to stand in the first line of mass prayer.

Then he turned towards the “Qiblah” {the direction of the Kaaba (the sacred building at Mecca), to which Muslims turn at prayer} and said: swear by god! People of covenant perished!!! And he repeated it three times. Then he said: swear by god! I’m not upset for them; I’m upset for those who were deviated by them.

I asked “Aba Ya’qub”: what does he mean from people of covenant? He answered: he means rulers.

“Al-Nasa’i” – Sunan – vol. 2 – p 88 // “Ibn Khazaymah” – Sahih ibn Khuzaymah, vol.3 p 33

Commander of the faithful Ali [AS] revealed hidden agreement between people of “Quraysh”-“Abu-Bakr” and “Umar” in particular- and would believe that Umar’s efforts in making “Abu-Bakr” caliph are in line with this agreement.

“Ahmad ibn Yahya al-Baladhury” says:

عن ابن عباس قال: بعث أبو بكر عمرَ بن الخطاب إلي علي رضي الله عنهم حين قعد عن بيعته وقال: ائتني به بأعنف العنف، فلما أتاه، جري بينهما كلام. فقال علي: اجلبْ حلباً لك شطره. والله ما حرصك علي إمارته اليوم إلا ليؤمرك غداً.

… “Ibn Abbas” says: when “Ali” [AS] didn’t swear allegiance with “Abu-Bakr”, he sent “Umar ibn Khattab” to “Ali” [AS] and told him: bring “Ali” here as worst and harsh as possible. On their way to “Abu-bakr”, an altercation occurred between Hadrat “Ali” [AS] and “Umar”. “Ali” [AS] told him: milk the milk of caliphate, your share is kept swear by god! Your greed for “Abu-bakr” becoming caliph is because he selects you as the next caliph.

 “Al-Baladhuri”- Genealogies of the Nobles – vol. 1, p 253

عن هشام بن عروة قال: لما بويع عمر قال علي : حلبت حلباً لك شطره ، بايعته عام أول ، وبويع لك العام

It’s been quoted from “Hisham ibn Urwah” that when people swear allegiance with “Umar ibn Khattab”, “Ali” [AS] told him: you got part of the milk that you milked, in the past you swore allegiance with “Abu-Bakr” and today he took allegiance for you.

Prophet Muhammad [PBUH] had notified of nation’s craftiness and deceit toward commander of the faithful [AS] and with hearing these sayings from Prophet [PBUH], “Ansar” were sure that caliphate could be taken from its main owner; that’s why they decided to gather in “Saqifah” and select caliphate from their own tribe.

We mention to some narratives of Prophet [PBUH]’s forecasts in this regard:

A: “Quraysh” jealousy and hidden grudges in their heart:

“Abu Yaʿlā Museli” writes in “Musnad” book quoted by Hadrat Ali [AS]

... قال قلت يا رسول الله ما يبكيك قال ضغائن في صدور أقوام لا يبدونها لك إلا من بعدي قال قلت يا رسول الله في سلامة من ديني قال في سلامة من دينك.

Messenger of god [PBUH] cried, I {Ali} asked: why are you crying? He said: the cause of my crying is grudges that people have in their heart towards you and when they show their signs of grudges that I have left this world, “Ali” [AS] said: I asked: O’ messenger of god! Will be my religion intact at that time, he said: yes you will.

  “Abu Ya’li”- Musnad abu Ya’li- vol. 1, p 426

B: ruse of the nation towards commander of the faithful Ali [AS]

“Hakim Nishapuri” writes:

عن علي رضي الله عنه قال إن مما عهد إلي النبي صلي الله عليه وسلم أن الأمة ستغدر بي بعده.

It’s been quoted from “Ali” [AS] who said: amongst things that Prophet told me is that after me, people will behave you with trick.

And after quoting narrative “Hakim Nishapuri” says:

هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد ولم يخرجاه.

This narrative has authentic document, but “Bukhari” and “Muslim” have not quoted it.

“Al-Hakim Nishapuri” – Mustadrak alaa al-Sahihayn – vol. 3 – p 150

So, it was natural that after hearing such sayings from Prophet [PBUH], “Ansar” think about the future of reign and like to take the reign; because they put much effort for Islam and couldn’t see that others are taking Islamic reign.

Ansar’s fear from “Quraysh”

Undoubtedly, people of “Medina” had important role in Muslims’ victories over “Quraysh” and if it were not for their great helps, perhaps prophet Muhammad couldn’t have succeeded to make Islamic government so soon and there wouldn’t have been war between Muslims and “Quraysh” at all so that Muslims can win, that’s why “Ansar” would scare that if people of “Quraysh” take the government, they take the revenge of battles of “Badr”, “Khandaq” and ... from “Ansar”.

Ansar knew that people of “Quraysh” tribe want to oppress them:

“Ansar” heard of prophet [PBUH] that after me, “Quraysh” will oppress “Anasar” a lot. “Bukhari” writes in his “Sahih”:

عن هِشَامٍ قال سمعت أَنَسَ بن مَالِكٍ رضي الله عنه يقول قال النبي صلي الله عليه وسلم لِلْأَنْصَارِ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَلْقَوْنَ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةً فَاصْبِرُوا حتي تَلْقَوْنِي وَمَوْعِدُكُمْ الْحَوْضُ.

I heard of “Anas ibn Malik” who said: messenger of god [PBUH] said to “Ansar”: after me, you’ll face problems so be patient until you meet me beside “Kawthar” pool {in paradise}

“Sahih Bukhari”- vol. 3 – p 1381

Ansar’s fear of Quraysh revenge in case of selecting a caliph from “Quraysh” tribe

“Habab ibn Munzar” who was one elders of “Ansar” has mentioned to this point in “Saqifah”:

فقام الحباب بن المنذر وكان بدريا فقال منا أمير ومنكم أمير فإنا والله ما ننفس عليكم هذا الأمر ولكنا نخاف أن يليها أقوام قتلنا آباءهم وإخوتهم.

“Habab ibn Munzar” who attended battle of “Badr” stood and said: one person from us becomes caliph and one person from you, swear by god! We don’t dispute with you in this matter but we’re afraid that a group that we killed their fathers and brothers take the caliphate!!

“Ibn Hajar Asqalani” – Fath al-bari fi Sharh Sahih Bukhari, vol. 12 – p 153

Now we deal with this question that why Hadith of “Ghadir” wasn’t relied on in “Saqifah”.

As it’s written in Sunni and Shia books, Prophet Muhammad [PBUH] ordered “Usamah ibn Ziyad” to prepare an army and ordered Muslims to go to that camp getting ready fighting enemies of Islam under the command of “Usama ibn Ziyad”. He gathered his forces and set up camp in “Jurf” zone.

“Ibn Sa’d” says in this regard:

فلما أصبح يوم الخميس عقد لأسامة لواء بيده ثم قال أغز بسم الله في سبيل الله فقاتل من كفر بالله فخرج بلوائه وعقودا فدفعه إلي بريدة بن الحصيب الأسلمي وعسكر بالجرف فلم يبق أحد من وجوه المهاجرين الأولين والأنصار إلا انتدب في تلك الغزوة فيهم أبو بكر الصديق وعمر بن الخطاب وأبو عبيدة بن الجراح وسعد بن أبي وقاص وسعيد بن زيد وقتادة بن النعمان وسلمة بن أسلم بن حريش.

On Thursday morning Prophet Muhammad gave the flag to “Usama” and said: in the name of god fight pagans in the path of god. He came out with his flag and made several flags and gave them to “Buradah ibn Husayb” and camped in “Jurf”.

Prophet [PBUH] ordered elders of “Ansar” and “Quraysh” to join troops, elders such as: “Abu-Bakr”, “Umar”, “Abu Ubaydah”, “Sa’d ibn abi Waqqas”, “Sa’id ibn zaid”, “Qitada ibn Nu’man” and “Salama ibn Aslam”.

But some disobeyed Prophet’s order, prophet got angry and as Shia scholars and some of Sunni scholars have quoted, Prophet damned them:

أنه قال جهزوا جيش أسامة لعن الله من تخلف عنه فقال قوم يجب علينا امتثال أمره واسامة قد برز من المدينة وقال قوم  قد اشتد مرض النبي عليه الصلاة والسلام فلا تسع قلوبنا مفارقته والحالة هذه فنصبر حتي نبصر أي شيء يكون من أمره

Prophet Muhammad said: May god damn those who avoided joining “Usama” army; that’s why some said it’s compulsory to us to obey Prophet [PBUH]’s order and “Usama” is out Medina{we’ll join him as well} and some said: Prophet [PBUH] is so ill and we endure being apart of him; we wait to see what will happen to him!!

Similar to this issue is written in following books:

“Izz al-Din Iji” – Kitab al-Mawaqif – vol. 3, p 650 // “Ibn Abi’I-Hadid” - Comments on the Peak of Eloquence – vol. 6, p 34

So, as Sunni scholars admitted, some of Sahaba who were believer and would follow Prophet [PBUH]’s orders went to “Usama” camp that was set up out “Medina” and just some of them disobeyed Prophet [PBUH]’s order that was in fact god’s order and remained in “Medina”.

So, firstly: all of “Ansar” and those who believed in messenger of god wholeheartedly were not in “Saqifah” at all and were in “Usama” camp. Secondly: those who gathered in “Saqifah” were those who had disobeyed Prophet [PBUH]’s order and remained in “Medina”, so, we should never expect such guys to discuss the Hadith of “Ghadir” and remember the order of messenger of god [PBUH] in “Ghadir Khumm. If they wanted to obey Prophet [PBUH]’s order, they didn’t have to remain in “Medina” at all.

2: all the events happened in Saqifah weren’t quoted:

Undoubtedly, no one can claim in definitive way that Hadith of “Ghadir” was not discussed in “Saqifah”; because during these fourteen centuries all Sunni scholars have tried to remove the signs of “Ahl al-Bayt” [AS]’s guardianship from Sunni books. And this matter is definitive that quoting the altercations of Sahab is unforgivable sin is Sunni sect; and even some of them have claimed that all scholar say that removing what has been quoted about the altercation of Sahaba is compulsory. We adequate to the confession of some of Sunni scholars in this regard:

“Ahmad ibn Hanbal” believes that if someone quotes altercations and disputes of Sahaba, that guy must be punished by ruler and he/she should remain in prison to either repent or die in prison.

“Abi Ya’la” says:

ومن الحجة الواضحة الثابتة البينة المعروفة ذكر محاسن أصحاب رسول الله كلهم أجمعين والكف عن ذكر مساويهم والخلاف الذي شجر بينهم ... .

لا يجوز لأحد أن يذكر شيئا من مساويهم ولا يطعن علي أحد منهم بعيب ولا بنقص فمن فعل ذلك فقد وجب علي السلطان تأديبه وعقوبته ليس له أن يعفو عنه بل يعاقبه ويستتيبه فإن تاب قبل منه وإن ثبت عاد عليه بالعقوبة وخلده الحبس حتي يموت أو يتراجع.

Quoting good deeds of all companions of Prophet Muhammad [PBUH] and avoiding of quoting their bad deeds and altercations have been proved by clear reason…

It’s not permissible that someone quotes their bad deeds or find fault with them; and if someone does so, it’s necessary for the ruler to punish that guy and has no right forgiving him/her; but he/she must be tortured to repent, if that person repents, it’ll be accepted but if he/she doesn’t repent, must be tortured and placed on prison for ever until he/she dies; unless his/her opinion changes.

“Abu Ya’la” – Tabaqat al-Hanabila – vol. 1, p 30

And “Ibn Taymiyyah” says:

كان من مذاهب أهل السنة الإمساك عما شجر بين الصحابة

Lack of quoting the altercations between Sahaba has been from Sunni sect.

And more importantly, “Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab” has said that there is consensus amongst Sunnis that we must be silent against the altercations between “Sahaba” and he believes that the one who talks about Muawiyah’s dispraising is out this consensus:

وأجمع أهل السنة علي السكوت عما شَجَر بين الصحابة رضي الله عنهم . ولا يقال فيهم إلا الحسني . فمن تكلم في معاوية أو غيره من الصحابة فقد خرج عن الإجماع .

There is consensus amongst Sunnis that we should avoid of quoting the conflicts between Sahaba and should say nothing about them other than good things; that’s why if someone says something about “Muawiyah” is out of this consensus!!

Considering such severe censorship, can we expect Sunnis to quote all the events of “Saqifah” and write things which are against their beliefs?!

So, it might that hadith of “Ghadir” has been relied on in “Saqifah” but it’s has been removed by Sunni trustee scholars!

3: discussing hadith of “Ghadir”, against the aim of holding “Saqifah”:

According to what we said about people who were in “Medina” when prophet [PBUH] died and those attended in “Saqifa” and motive of “Ansar” gathering in “Saqifah”, it’s clarified that “Muhajirin” and “Ansar” had gathered up in “Saqifa” so that someone from their own tribe becomes caliph; so, discussing “Ghadir” would be against their aim attending in “Saqifa” and would question their gathering. If they wanted to discuss hadith of “Ghadir”, they would never get together in “Saqifah”.

4: not of the companions of commander of the faithful [AS] was in “Saqifah”:

Hadrat “Ali” [AS] and not of people of “Banu Hashim” and those who were special companion of Hadrat “Ali” [AS] were in “Saqifah”; but they were either in “Usama” camp or were along with commander of the faithful [AS] performing Prophet [PBUH]’s “Ghusl” and enshrouding him, when not of them were in “Saqifa”, how can we expect them relying on hadith of “Ghadir”?

5: relying on Hadith of “Ghadir” after event of “Saqifah”:

When Hadrat “Ali” [AS] and some of believer companions buried Prophet [PBUH] and rest of companions who were in “Usama” camp returned to “Medina”, relying on Hadith of “Ghadir” began, we mention to instances:

A: “Ansar” would say that we just swear allegiance with commander of the faithful [AS]:

According to some of narratives, many of people would emphasize in “Saqifa” that they won’t swear allegiance with someone other than commander of the faithful Ali [AS], but “Umar ibn Kahattab” took the initiative and presented people with a fait accompli.

“Tabari” writes in his “History” book:

فبايعه عمر وبايعه الناس فقالت الأنصار أو بعض الأنصار لا نبايع إلا عليا.

After “Umar ibn Khattab” and group of people swore allegiance with “Abu-Bakr”, “Ansar” or a group of them said: we just swear allegiance with “Ali”!!

“Al-Tabari” – Tarikh al-Tabari – vol. 2, p 233

And “Ibn Athir” writes:

لما توفي رسول الله اجتمع الأنصار في سقيفة بني ساعدة ليبايعوا سعد بن عبادة فبلغ ذلك أبا بكر فأتاهم ومعه عمر وأبو عبيدة بن الجراح فقال ما هذا فقالوا منا أمير ومنكم أمير فقال أبو بكر منا الأمراء ومنكم الوزراء ثم قال أبو بكر قد رضيت لكم أحد هذين الرجلين عمر وأبا عبيدة أمين هذه الأمة فقال عمر أيكم يطيب نفسا أن يخلف قدمين قدمهما النبي فبايعه عمر وبايعه الناس .

فقالت الأنصار أو بعض الأنصار لا نبايع إلا عليا قال وتخلف علي وبنو هاشم والزبير وطلحة عن البيعة وقال الزبير لا أغمد سيفا حتي يبايع علي فقال عمر خذوا سيفه واضربوا به الحجر ثم أتاهم عمر فأخذهم للبيعة.

When messenger of god [PBUH] left the world, “Ansar” got together in “Saqifa Banu Sa’ida” to swear allegiance with “Sa’d ibn Ubadah, “Abu-Bakr” was notified and went to them along with “Umar” and “Abu Ubaydah Jarrah” and said: what’s going on?

They said: one of us and one of you must be caliph.

“Abu-Bakr” said: caliph must be from us and minister from you, then “Abu-Bakr” said: I accept that one of these two guys, “Umar” or “Abu Ubaydah”, the trustee of this natation, becomes your caliph.

“Umar” said: who can avoid selecting the one whom Prophet [PBUH] has preceded him, as caliph? “Umar” swore allegiance with “Abu-Bakr” and people did so.

Then “Ansar” or group of them said: we just swear allegiance with “Ali” and “Ali”, “Banu Hasim” “Talhah” and “Zubayr” didn’t swear allegiance.

“Zubayr” said: I don’t keep my sword in sheath until “Ali” is sworn allegiance with.

“Umar” said: get his sword and hit it to stone {to break it}; then “Umar” went to “Ali” and they took him for allegiance by force.

“Ibn Athir” – The completed History – vol. 2, p 189

“Ya’qubi” writes in his “History” book:

وجاء البراء بن عازب فضرب الباب علي بني هاشم وقال يا معشر بني هاشم بويع أبو بكر فقال بعضهم ما كان المسلمون يحدثون حدثا نغيب عنه ونحن أولي بمحمد فقال العباس فعلوها ورب الكعبة .

وكان المهاجرون والأنصار لا يشكون في علي فلما خرجوا من الدار قام الفضل بن العباس وكان لسان قريش فقال يا معشر قريش إنه ما حقت لكم الخلافة بالتمويه ونحن أهلها دونكم وصاحبنا أولي بها منكم .

وقام عتبة بن أبي لهب فقال :

ما كنت أحسب أن الأمر منصرف عن هاشم ثم منها عن أبي الحسن

عن أول الناس إيمانا وسابقة وأعلم الناس بالقرآن والسنن

وآخر الناس عهدا بالنبي ومن جبريل عون له في الغسل والكفن

من فيه ما فيهم لا يمترون به وليس في القوم ما فيه من الحسن.

“Bira’ ibn Azib” went to “Banu Hashim” and said: O’ group of “Banu Hashim”; they swore allegiance with “Abu-Bakr”! Some of them said: Muslims don’t do anything without us the relatives of Prophet [PBUH] !

“Abbas” {who remembered sayings of Prophet [PBUH] about usurping Ali’s right} said: swear by god it’s been done!

“Muhajirin” and “Ansar” didn’t doubt that caliphate must be for Hadrat “Ali”; when they left their houses, “Fazl ibn Abbas” who was “Quraysh” eloquent, said: O’ people of “Quraysh”, it’s blow your dignity to get the caliphate by trick, despite of we deserve caliphate and our owner {Ali} deserves to be caliph more than you.

And “Utbah ibn Abu Lahab” said: I didn’t imagine that caliphate is taken from “Banu Hashim” and “Abu al-Hasan” {commander of the faithful}. The one who is the first Muslim and is knows Quran and Sunnah more than anyone else and the last one who left Prophet [PBUH], the one who was helped by ”Gabriel” performing Prophet [PBUH]’s “Ghusl” {a Ghusl must be done for dead guys} and enshrouding.

“Ya’qubi” – Tarikh Ya’qubi- vol. 2, p 124

B: the reliance Hadrat “Fatimah” [AS] on hadith of “Ghadir”:

That’s true that not of the companions of commander of the faithful [AS] were in “Saqifah” to rely on hadith of “Ghadir” and remember people their allegiance in “Ghadir”, but after event of “Saqifah” many of his companions relied on hadith of “Ghadir”; including Hadrat “Fatimah” [AS] who went to Prophet [PBUH]’s mosque and relied on hadith of “Ghadir” when she saw that the right of Hadrat “Ali” [AS] and herself has been usurped.

“Muhammad ibn Umar Isfahani” who is amongst Sunni elders writes:

حدثتنا فاطمة بنت علي بن موسي الرضي حدثتني فاطمة وزينب وأم كلثوم بنات موسي بن جعفر قلن حدثتنا فاطمة بنت جعفر بن محمد الصادق قالت حدثتني فاطمة بنت محمد بن علي حدثتني فاطمة بنت علي بن الحسين حدثتني فاطمة وسكينة ابنتا الحسين بن علي عن أم كلثوم بنت فاطمة بنت رسول الله (ص) عن فاطمة بنت رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم قالت : أنسيتم قول رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم يوم غدير خم من كنت مولاه فعلي مولاه وقوله عليه السلام لعلي أنت مني بمنزلة هارون من موسي عليهما السلام) متفق عليه .

وهذا الحديث مسلسل من وجه آخر وهو أن كل واحده من الفواطم تروي عن عمة لها .

… It’s been quoted from “Fatimah”, daughter of Prophet [PBUH] who said: did you forget saying of prophet [PBUH] who said on the day of “Ghadir”: “Anyone whom I’m his guardian from now on Ali is his guardian”?

“Al-Isfahani” – Nuzhat al-Huffaz – vol. 1, p 102

6: relying on Hadith of “Ghadir” in Shia books:

As It was said, we don’t have to expect to find all the facts in Sunni books; because they left no stone unturned to wipe out the signs of the guardianship of commander of the faithful Ali [AS]; though, part of facts said by some of “Ansar” and Hadart “Fatimah” [AS] were found in their books. Now we adequate to one narrative in this regard writtenin Shia books. “Salim ibn Qais” who was amongst loyal companions of commander of the faithful Ali [AS] writes in his book about the reasoing of the companions of Hadrat “Ali” [AS] and their protest to leaders of “Saqifah”:

فَقَامَ بُرَيْدَةُ فَقَالَ يَا عُمَرُ أَلَسْتُمَا اللَّذَيْنِ قَالَ لَكُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلي الله عليه وآله انْطَلِقَا إِلَي عَلِيٍّ فَسَلِّمَا عَلَيْهِ بِإِمْرَةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقُلْتُمَا أَعَنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَأَمْرِ رَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَدْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ يَا بُرَيْدَةُ وَلَكِنَّكَ غِبْتَ وَشَهِدْنَا وَالْأَمْرُ يَحْدُثُ بَعْدَهُ الْأَمْرُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَمَا أَنْتَ وَهَذَا يَا بُرَيْدَةُ- وَمَا يُدْخِلُكَ فِي هَذَا فَقَالَ بُرَيْدَةُ وَاللَّهِ لَا سَكَنْتُ فِي بَلْدَةٍ أَنْتُمْ فِيهَا أُمَرَاءُ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ عُمَرُ فَضُرِبَ وَ أُخْرِجَ .

“Buraydah” got up and said: O’ “Umar”! Are not you two those who were told by Prophet [PBUH]: “go to “Ali” and greet to him as commander of the faithful”, and you two said: is that god and his Prophet’s order? And he said: yes it is.

“Abu-Bakr” said: O’ “Buraydah”! You’re right, but you disappeared and we were present and after each matter another matter happens! “Umar” said: O’ “Buraydah”! What does it to do with you? Why are interfering?! “Buraydah” said: “Swear by god I won’t live in a city that you are its ruler”, “Umar” ordered them and they kicked him out!

ثُمَّ قَامَ سَلْمَانُ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَقُمْ عَنْ هَذَا الْمَجْلِسِ وَدَعْهُ لِأَهْلِهِ يَأْكُلُوا بِهِ رَغَداً إِلَي يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا يَخْتَلِفْ عَلَي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ سَيْفَانِ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَأَعَادَ سَلْمَانُ [فَقَالَ ] مِثْلَهَا فَانْتَهَرَهُ عُمَرُ وَقَالَ مَا لَكَ وَ لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ وَمَا يُدْخِلُكَ فِيمَا هَاهُنَا فَقَالَ مَهْلًا يَا عُمَرُ قُمْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَنْ هَذَا الْمَجْلِسِ وَدَعْهُ لِأَهْلِهِ يَأْكُلُوا بِهِ وَاللَّهِ خُضْراً إِلَي يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ وَإِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ لَتَحْلُبُنَّ بِهِ دَماً وَلَيَطْمَعَنَّ فِيهِ الطُّلَقَاءُ وَالطُّرَدَاءُ وَالْمُنَافِقُونَ وَاللَّهِ لَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَنِّي أَدْفَعُ ضَيْماً أَوْ أُعِزُّ لِلَّهِ دِيناً لَوَضَعْتُ سَيْفِي عَلَي عَاتِقِي ثُمَّ ضَرَبْتُ بِهِ قُدُماً أَتَثِبُونَ عَلَي وَصِيِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلي الله عليه وآله فَأَبْشِرُوا بِالْبَلَاءِ وَاقْنَطُوا مِنَ الرَّخَاءِ .

Then “Salman” got up and said: “O’ “Abu-Bakr”! Fear of god and leave where you’re siting and give it to those who deserve it to use it by the day of resurrection so that

“Abu-Bakr” didn’t answer him. “Salman” repeated his saying. “Umar” pushed him away and said: this is not your concern? Why are you meddling in this matter?

“Salman” said: O’ “Umar”! Calm down! O’ “Abu-Bakr”! get up from where you’re siting and abdicate to those who deserve it until they use it by the day of resurrection with happiness. If you don’t accept to do so freed and outcast people and hypocrites will be greedy towards caliphate.

Swear by god! If I knew that I can fend oppression or give esteem to religion for the sake of god I’d put my sword on my shoulder and strike with it bravely. Are you attacking the successor of god’s Prophet?!

ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ وَالْمِقْدَادُ وَعَمَّارٌ فَقَالُوا لِعَلِيٍّ عليه السلام مَا تَأْمُرُ وَاللَّهِ إِنْ أَمَرْتَنَا لَنَضْرِبَنَّ بِالسَّيْفِ حَتَّي نُقْتَلَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ عليه السلام كُفُّوا رَحِمَكُمُ اللَّهُ وَاذْكُرُوا عَهْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلي الله عليه وآله وَمَا أَوْصَاكُمْ بِهِ فَكَفُّوا

فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ فَوْقَ الْمِنْبَرِ مَا يُجْلِسُكَ فَوْقَ الْمِنْبَرِ وَهَذَا جَالِسٌ مُحَارِبٌ لَا يَقُومُ [فِينَا] فَيُبَايِعَكَ أَوَ تَأْمُرُ بِهِ فَيُضْرَبَ عُنُقُهُ وَالْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ عليهما السلام قَائِمَانِ عَلَي رَأْسِ عَلِيٍّ عليه السلام فَلَمَّا سَمِعَا مَقَالَةَ عُمَرَ بَكَيَا وَرَفَعَا أَصْوَاتَهُمَا يَا جَدَّاهْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَضَمَّهُمَا عَلِيٌّ إِلَي صَدْرِهِ وَقَالَ لَا تَبْكِيَا فَوَ اللَّهِ لَا يَقْدِرَانِ عَلَي قَتْلِ أَبِيكُمَا هُمَا [أَقَلُّ وَ] أَذَلُّ وَأَدْخَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ .

Then “Abu Dhar”, “Miqdad” and “Ammar” got up and said to “Ali” [AS]: “What do you order? Swear god! If you order us, we’ll fight to die.” Hadrat “Ali” said: “may god bless you, hold on and remember your covenant with Prophet [PBUH] and what he willed you to that.”.

Then while “Abu-Bakr” was sitting on the pulpit, “Umar” told him: why are you sitting on the pulpit while this man is sitting there and wants to fight you and doesn’t get up to swear allegiance with you? Don’t order to cut is head off?!

After hearing this saying of “Umar”, Imam “Hasan” [AS] and Imam “Husay” [AS] who were standing next to Hadrat “Ali” [AS] cried loudly and said: “O’ grandfather! O’ messenger of god!”

Commander of the faithful Ali [AS] embraced them and said: don’t cry, swear by god! They are not capable of killing your father.

وَأَقْبَلَتْ أُمُّ أَيْمَنَ النُّوبِيَّةُ حَاضِنَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلي الله عليه السلام وَأُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَتَا يَا عَتِيقُ مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا أَبْدَيْتُمْ حَسَدَكُمْ لِآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ فَأَمَرَ بِهِمَا عُمَرُ أَنْ تُخْرَجَا مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ وَقَالَ مَا لَنَا وَلِلنِّسَاءِ.

“Umm Ayman al-Nubiyyah”- who was Prophet [PBUH]’s nanny in his childhood – and “Umm Salamah” said: O’ Atiq! How early you showed your jealousy towards dynasty of prophet [PBUH].” “Umar” ordered some to throw them out of mosque.

Book of Salim ibn Qais al-Hilali, p 866 – 867



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